There is considerable uncertainty in the field work relating to wood in landfills. Culm height development, biomass accumulation and carbon. Under regular management practices, bamboo sequestered an equal or greater amount of carbon over the 60year lifespan of a chinese fir plantation. Sedjo abstract a major problem being faced by human society is that the global temperature is believed to be rising due to human activity that releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, i. Forests offer some potential to be managed as a sink, that is, to promote net carbon sequestration. The rate of carbon sequestration depends on the growth characteristics of the tree or bamboo species.
Carbon sequestration is the process by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is taken up by trees, grasses, and other plants through photosynthesis and stored as carbon in biomass trunks, branches, foliage, and roots and soils. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted to examine the impacts of carbon policy, interest rates, stem. With a carbon percentage of 40% 45%, nearly half of the total biomass is carbon. Byrne 1 and kevin black2 introduction there is general consensus among the scientific community that increasing atmospheric levels of the socalled greenhouse gasesare causing climate change and are likely to continue doing so. Carbon sequestration clean carbon university of southampton. Moreover, carbon sequestration still continues thereafter, albeit at lower rates, for 100 years or more. Attention should therefore be focused on the effects of management activities.
A landowners guide to carbon sequestration credits center for integrated natural resources and agricultural management and the commonwealth project 2007 pdf, 1. Sequestration possibilities and climate change impacts1. Land expectation value lev was estimated for various moso bamboo management models using the faustmannhartman formula. Cost of carbon sequestration using different techniques 2. Bamboo biomass produced on marginally productive land with waste water, will provide a lot of new jobs. Managing woody bamboos for carbon farming and carbon. Wed like to understand how you use our websites in order to improve them. Carbon sequestration in forest based building products. Carbon storage in a bamboo bambusa vulgaris plantation in. Its fastgrowing and renewable stands sequester carbon in their biomass. Carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas, have caused a substantial increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide co 2 in the atmosphere. Carbon capture and sequestration, or ccs, involves the capture of co2 from power plants and other large industrial sources, its transportation to suitable locations, and injection into deep underground geological formations for longterm sequestration. Management of carbon sequestration in soil highlights the importance of world soils as a sink for atmospheric carbon and discusses the impact of tillage, conservation reserve programs crp, management of grasslands and woodlands, and other soil and crop management and land use practices that lead to carbon sequestration.
With an estimated 22 million hectares of bamboo forests around the world, there is great potential for bamboo to play. Tropical forests potentially contribute to global climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration, hence a global carbon pool. Over and above the high biomass carbon storage, bamboo also has a high net. Bamboo can capture carbon fast, says report scidev. Prepared by chris henschel and tim gray chris henschel is the national manager, domestic and international policy, conservation and climate change for the canadian parks and wilderness society. Method for calculating carbon sequestration by trees in. Carbon sequestration or carbon dioxide removal cdr is the longterm removal, capture or sequestration of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to slow or reverse atmospheric co2 pollution and to mitigate or reverse global warming carbon dioxide co2 is naturally captured from the atmosphere through biological, chemical, and physical processes. Forests remain productive and continue to sequester carbon as they age. Mar, 2016 natural carbon sequestration is a process that has been occurring for much of the earths history. As a major nonwood forest product and wood substitute, bamboo is of increasing interest to ecologists owing to its rapid growth and correspondingly high potential for mitigating climate change. Carbon storage in a bamboo bambusa vulgaris citeseerx.
Carbon sequestration issuesintroductioncarbon sequestration is the collection and storage of carbon dioxide co2 to keep it out of the atmosphere. Interest in terrestrial carbon sequestration has increased in an effort to explore opportunities for climate change mitigation. Annual credits would sell at a discount to longer term cdms and allow budget flexibility, in a constantly changing regulatory environment. Ppt carbon sequestration powerpoint presentation free. Most scientists believe there is a direct relationship between increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and rising global temperatures. Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils appendix a. The aim and purpose of the book is to provide an understanding of the current science underpinning carbon capture and sequestration ccs and to provide students and interested researchers with sufficient background on the basics of chemical engineering, material science, and geology that they can understand the current state of the art of the research in the field of ccs.
Carbon capture and sequestration world resources institute. The farming practice effect, number of estimates, and features in land management practices. Carbon sequestration in soils over the past 150 years, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere has increased by 30%. It is the process that nature uses to keep carbon dioxide in balance in the earths atmosphere in a way that optimally supports life. Key words climate change, bamboo, resilience, mitigation, landscape restoration, inbar, climate. Carbon sequestration is the process of capture and longterm storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide and refers to the process of removing carbon from the atmosphere and depositing it in a reservoir. Bamboo has high carbon sequestration rate and a large geographical distribution. Source for information on carbon sequestration issues. There is considerable uncertainty in the field work relating to. Dec 25, 2014 bamboo forests are fast growing and renewable resources, and their carbon sequestration potential has attracted wide attention. Because of overexploitation of resources and largescale selection felling in 1920 and 1950.
It has been prepared within the framework of a faoglobal mechanism gm joint programme on carbon sequestration incentive mechanisms to combat land degradation and deserti. However, it is still largely unknown how these properties translate into soil oc re. International network for bamboo and rattan inbar, the international network for bamboo and rattan, is an intergovernmental. The conclusion is that the storage of biogenic co2 carbon sequestration in bamboo is not counted in lca, unless the bamboo or any other bioproduct like wood is burned for electricity or heat. Mean carbon storage and sequestration rate in woody bamboos range from. Cumulative avoided emissions from landuse conversion 4.
Carbon sequestration, and the extent to which it can be counted as a reduction in a nations carbon. Carbon dioxide geological storage or sequestration is the placement of atmospheric, human produced co 2 into underground geological formations, where it can be permanently stored away from the atmosphere, in order to mitigate or defer global warming and avoid dangerous climate change. Carbon storage in a bamboo bambusa vulgaris plantation. Carbon sequestration by chinese bamboo forests and their ecological benefits. The phytolith carbon sequestration in chinese bamboo is estimated to be 0. Role of bamboo forests in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. Introduction to carbon capture and sequestration berkeley. Carbon sequestration in soils over the past 150 years, the. International network for bamboo and rattan inbar is the multilateral. Reforestation is a widely embraced carbon sequestration technique 37, 38. Inbars work on carbon sequestration shows that well managed bamboo forests are comparable to fastgrowing tree species in sequestering carbon. Bamboo is widely distributed in southeast asia, africa, and latin america. If the bamboo forest wasnt managed through annual harvesting practices, it would be significantly less effective at carbon sequestration, the report added.
The forest serves as the home of several indigenous communities. Mar 16, 2017 carbon sequestration is the general term used for the capture and longterm storage of carbon dioxide. Some superfund and other contaminated sites devoid of vegetation contain. Xinzhang song, a b guomo zhou, a hong jiang, a shuquan yu, a jinhe fu, c weizhong li, d weifeng wang, b zhihai ma, b changhui peng d b. Co2 can be sequestered in the oceans, underground reservoirs, carbon compounds, biomass, or soil. Carbon capture and sequestration, or ccs, involves the capture of co2 from power plants and other large industrial sources, its transportation to suitable locations, and injection into deep underground. Bamboo is actually a giant grass plant in the family of poaceae. A variety of ways to sequester carbon have been proposed since the 1980s. Carbon sequestration by chinese bamboo forests and their. Managing bamboo for carbon sequestration, bamboo stem and. It is impractical for management activities to influence the overall nature of canadas forest carbon balance. In order to mitigate the global climate change impact, the kyoto protocol developed the clean development mechanism cdm which supports carbon credits for plantation activities in developing countries. Carbon sequestration should only be used to buy time so that the society has sufficient lead time to adjust while avoiding dangerous climate change. Review of carbon fixation in bamboo forests in china.
The national research councils nrcs committee on novel approaches to the management of greenhouse gases from energy systems held a workshop at the arnold and mabel beckman center in irvine, california, on february 1214, 2003, to identify promising lines of research that could lead to currently unforeseen breakthroughs in the management of carbon from energy systems. Although a bamboo forest stores less total carbon than a mature forest of trees, a bamboo. The use of seaweeds aquaculture for carbon sequestration. Some species grow tall and many people refer to them as bamboo trees. Biomass carbon storage in woody bamboo is comparable to the woody biomass of trees. One sticking point is the short life span of bamboo. Therefore the farming of bamboo timber may have significant carbon sequestration potential. Varying carbon and timber prices would drive management decisions and provide a free. Cost of carbon sequestration by different techniques 5. Carbon sequestration in forests congressional research service 2 for mitigating greenhouse gas emissionsand thus possible climate changeis to increase the amount of carbon stored in forests. Method for calculating carbon sequestration by trees in urban and suburban settings 1 introduction this document presents a method for calculating precise results than a more tailored approach, the amount of carbon sequestered by trees which takes into account a larger number of the. The total area of bamboo forests of various species is 22.
Of course, nothing is simple and there is some controversy surrounding the use of bamboo for carbon sequestration. Converting existing conservation lands to intensive cultivation, while perhaps producing. Carbon sequestration is the extraction of the atmospheric carbon dioxide and its storage in terrestrial ecosystems for a very long period of time many thousands of years. It requires deep porous layers of rock capped by several layers of impermeable rock. The best way to manage forests to store carbon and to mitigate climate change is hotly debated. Carbon sequestration journal of petroleum and environmental. Synergy with other activities 1 reforestation and afforestation.
Identifying tree species with maximum carbon sequestration capabilities as future sinks of carbon in the scenario of changing climate. Summary of observed rates of soil carbon sequestration kg c ha. Although a bamboo forest stores less total carbon than a mature forest of trees, a bamboo plantation sequesters carbon at a much faster rate than a mature forest or a tree plantation. Table 1 anova and duncan teston minimum and maximum values of c sequestration.
Jun 14, 2011 bamboo is widespread in the subtropics and tropics of asia, africa, and latin america. Managing woody bamboos for carbon farming and carbon trading. How can integrated bamboo industries solve ecological and societal. Carbon sequestration via wood burial carbon balance and. Carbon storage, moso bamboo phyllostachys pubescens, the richards. To validate biochars potential, a full lifecycle approach must be taken that considers all aspects of. Although the total forest areas in many countries have decreased drastically, bamboo forests have increased at a rate of 3% annually. Biomass and carbon storage in bamboo is a permanent sink. And because it is a grass, if you cut it, it grows back so quickly, making it one of the most the ideal crop for rapid actions in terms of sequestering carbon from the atmosphere, according to friederich, who has a phd in groundwater hydrochemistry. Surfaces must be clean, dry and flat to within 316 in 10. Increasing the amount of formaldehydefree resins, such as epi.
Bamboo the magic bullet to rapid carbon sequestration. Woody bamboos provide ample opportunities for carbon farming and carbon trading. A strategy for climate change mitigation 112 maximum or minimum values fig. When carried out deliberately, this may also be referred to as carbon dioxide removal, which is a form of geoengineering. Using modeling and comparison studies, the findings of this report suggest that bamboos carbon sequestration rate can equal or surpasses that of fastgrowth trees over short time periods in a new plantation, but only when bamboo is actively managed. Due to their biological characteristics and growth habits, bamboo forests have ecological and environmental functions in soil erosion control, water conservation, land rehabilitation, and carbon sequestration zhou et al. Method for calculating carbon sequestration by trees in urban. Bamboo has a high potential for carbon sequestration because of its fast growth and dense rooting system. But it is the next 20 years that will be critical in policy terms for delivering major greenhouse gas reductions.
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